今天给大家带来的是一则新闻，圣经的格言说：“医者先自医”。同样的标准适用于那些选择进行美容手术的外科医生吗？
At his San Diego office, Alex Roher, M.D., relaxes wrinkles and plumps deep lines one face at a time. For years, he's been administering vials of Botox and injectable fillers to patients eager to refresh their looks, but does the desire to look younger extend to industry professionals? Absolutely, Dr. Roher contends. 圣地亚哥的医学博士Alex Roher多年来一直在给他的病人们注射肉毒杆菌和填充剂，希望能够让患者保持年轻。但整容行业的专业人士是否也有这种永葆年轻的渴望呢？Alex Roher博士认为，当然如此。
"Most plastic surgeons have gone under the knife," says Roher. "The rate compared to the general public is much higher, from my experience." Roher说：“大多数整形外科医生都做过手术。以我的经验来看，与普通民众相比，这一比例要高得多。”
Cosmetic vs. Plastic Surgery 美容外科 vs 整形外科
Before delving into the propensity of surgeons to undergo appearance-altering procedures, let's get a handle on the differences between cosmetic and plastic surgeons. Although "cosmetic" and "plastic" are terms often used interchangeably, they refer to two different levels of training. 在深入研究这些之前，让我们先来了解一下美容外科医生和整形外科医生的区别。尽管美容和整容是经常使用的术语，但它们两者间的程度有所不同。
In general, surgeons who follow the training and certification process to become a board certified plastic surgeon are required to complete 150 cosmetic surgery cases as part of a rotation that includes surgical training for hands, reconstruction, trauma, congenital defects and other disorders. Plastic surgeons repair cleft palates and revise scars, as well as reconstruct limbs and breasts after surgery. However, plastic surgeons can perform surgical and noninvasive procedures that are strictly cosmetic, too. 一般来说，外科医生想要接受培训并通过外科认证成为一名注册的美容外科医生，需要完成150个美容手术，这些外科训练包括手部、重建、创伤、先天性缺陷和其他外科疾病。整形外科医生包括修复腭裂、修正疤痕、术后重建四肢和乳房。美容外科医生也可以进行外科手术和非侵入性的手术。
Cosmetic surgeons are focused on enhancing the appearance of a patient's face, neck or body with liposuction, tummy tucks, breast augmentations, facelifts and other cosmetic procedures. Cosmetic surgeries are considered elective, as are noninvasive procedures like laser resurfacing or Botox injections. To become board certified, cosmetic surgeons are required to complete 300 cosmetic surgery cases. 整形外科医生则专注于提高病人面部、颈部和身体的外观，包括抽脂、俯卧、隆胸、面部整形和其他美容手术。这种手术是具有选择性的，像激光换肤和注射肉毒杆菌等侵入性的手术一样。为了获得认证，整形外科医生需要完成300个手术。
Surgery Rates Among Surgeons 外科医生做手术的概率
So, do most plastic or cosmetic surgeons elect to enhance their appearance? And, do they do so at a higher rate than the general public? 那么，大多数整容外科医生会选择增强自己的外观吗？他们这样做的比例要比普通人高吗？
"Yes and yes," says Grant Stevens, M.D., fellow of the American College of Healthcare Executives, and a clinical professor of plastic surgery at the University of Southern California. 美国医疗保健管理学院的研究员兼南加州大学的整形外科教授整形外科教授 Grant Stevens表示：“是的。”
The results of a study published in the December 2009 Journal of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery seem to bear out this anecdotal evidence. The study found that, of the 276 plastic surgeons surveyed, a full one-third have had at least one type of cosmetic surgery, while Pew Research Center statistics show that of the general U.S. population, only 4 percent of adults say they've had cosmetic surgery. Of the surgeons who'd had surgery themselves, the most common surgical procedure was liposuction of the trunk and/or extremities. 2009年12月发表在整形外科杂志上的一项研究结果似乎证实了这一传闻。研究发现，在接受调查的276名整形外科医生中，有1/3的人至少做过一种整形手术。皮尤研究中心的统计数据显示，在美国总人口中，只有4%的成年人表示做过整容手术。在接受手术的整形外科医生中，最常见的是抽脂。
Interestingly, female plastic surgeons were less likely to have breast augmentation than the general population, but male plastic surgeons were more apt to have cosmetic procedures than men in the general population. It's a finding that holds true for Glenn Vallecillos, M.D., a board-certified plastic surgeon in Beverly Hills. 有趣的是，女性整形外科医生隆胸的比例比普通人低，但男性整形医生比一般人整容的比例要高。比利福山庄的一名通过认证的整形外科医生 Glenn Vallecillos表示：
"I continuously treat myself to a laser, yet other times I will ask one of my nurses to inject a little Botox." “我经常会用激光治疗自己，有时也会让我的护士注射一点肉毒杆菌。”
Like Dr. Vallecillos, 62 percent of the plastic surgeons in the 2009 study had undergone at least one type of minimally invasive cosmetic procedure, less serious than surgery. The most common procedure was Botox injections (31.5 percent), and female plastic surgeons had significantly more minimally invasive cosmetic procedures compared with male plastic surgeons (84.9 versus 57 percent). 与Vallecillos一样，09年的研究中，62%的整形外科医生至少接受过一种微创性整容手术。最常见的是注射肉毒杆菌，而女性整形外科医生比男性接受微创性整形外科手术的比例高。
The Selfie Effect 自拍影响
In 2016, facial plastic surgeons reported an uptick in cosmetic surgeries by patients under 30, along with an increase in nonsurgical procedures, according to a member survey by the American Academy of Facial Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery.Fifty-one percent of AAFPRS members reported that more patients are seeking early intervention, with increasing numbers of men and women in their 20s and 30s opting for facial injectables. 据美国面部整形外科协会的一项成员调查显示，2016年里，30岁以下接受过整形手术的面部整形外科医生的人数增加。整形外科协会51%的成员报告称，越来越多的患者寻求早期干预，越来越多的20、30岁的男性和女性选择了面部注射。
Nearly all AAFPRS members — 99 percent — agreed that celebrity influence plays a big role. And so does social media. According to AAFPRS members, the top driver for cosmetic procedures is the impact of social media; of participating surgeons, 42 percent reported that patients are seeking cosmetic procedures to look better in selfies on Instagram, Snapchat, Facebook Live and other social channels. 几乎99%的成员认为名人影响力起着重要的作用，同时也认为社交媒体的影响是整容手术的首要驱动力。42%的外科医生表示，患者接受整容手术是想让自己在ins、Snapchat、Facebook等社交渠道上自拍时更好看。
Many plastic surgeons are no different. They feel it's difficult to sell their services without looking like they've taken a dip in the fountain of youth themselves 许多整形外科医生也不例外。如果不整形看起来很老的话，很难使顾客信服。
"One of the benefits of treating myself is I'm a walking billboard of my own work," plastic surgeon Lorrie Klein, M.D., said in a 2015 interview with Real Self magazine. "I'm proud of my artistry and like to show it off. What nature didn't give me or what age has taken away, I can frequently fix." 2015年，整形外科医生Lorrie Klein在接受《真实自我》杂志的采访时表示，“接受过手术的我就是人形的广告牌。我为自己的艺术而感到自豪，大自然缺少我的，时间拿走的，我都可以自己弥补。”
英文来源：HowStuffWorks
翻译来源：煎蛋网 来源：普特英语听力网
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